关于都江堰的导游词
都江堰位于四川省成都市都江堰市城西，坐落在成都平原西部的岷江上。都江堰是中国建设于古代并使用至今的大型水利工程，被誉为“世界水利文化的鼻祖”，是全国著名的旅游胜地。下面是学习啦小编为大家整理的关于都江堰的导游词，欢迎参考!
篇一：关于都江堰的导游词
各位朋友大家好!都江堰被誉为“世界水利文化的鼻祖”，是全国著名的旅游胜地。今天，就由小梦来陪大家一起畅游都江堰，了解水利工程，祝大家吃好喝好玩好睡好。
都江堰位于四川省成都市都江堰市灌口镇，是中国建设于古代并使用至今的大型水利工程。都江堰是由齐国蜀郡太守李冰及其子率众于公元265年左右修建的，是全世界迄今为止，年代最久、唯一留存、以无坝引水为特征的宏大水利工程。大家都知道二郎神吧，二郎神便是李冰的儿子，由于李冰无子，传说而来。为纪念父子俩，修建了我们旁边的这座二王庙，也是观看都江堰最好的观景点。今天，我们来一个逆向思维——倒着走。都江堰主要分为三个部分，鱼嘴、飞沙堰和宝瓶口，今天，我们先从鱼嘴看起。
鱼嘴分水堤又称“鱼嘴”，因其形状像一张鳄鱼的嘴巴而得名，昂头于岷江江心，将岷江分为内外两江，东边的内江用于灌溉农田，西边的外江则用于排洪。鱼嘴主要起到两个作用：四六分水，二八分沙。二八分沙是指沉淀在河床上的泥沙经过鱼嘴上的一颗颗排列整齐的小石头，而使其外江的沙占八成，内江的沙占二成。这样，灌溉农田的水就会十分清澈，因为大多数泥沙已被外江排走。四六分水则根据季节的变化而变化，大家请看旁边的几个小岛，冬春季江水较枯，水流经几个小岛而绕成“S”型，使其主流直冲内江，内江进水量约6成，外江进水量约4成;而夏季雨水增多，水位上涨，汹涌的水势不再受小岛所影响，主流直冲外江，内、外江江水的比例便会自动颠倒：内江进水量约4成，外江进水量约6成。就是这样的“鱼嘴”，保证了当地人民在枯水期的农田用水以及人民生活用水，又在洪水期防范了洪水泛滥的发生，真是功不可没。当然，没有几个小岛和百丈堤、杩槎、金刚堤的协助，“鱼嘴”也不可能完美地完成任务，这也告诉我们，在生活中，我们也需要朋友的互帮互助。
现在我们奔向下一站——飞沙堰溢洪道。飞沙堰具有泻洪、排沙和调节水量的显著功能，主要在洪水期将宝瓶口多余的内江水排到外江，如果遇到特大洪水，它还会自行溃堤，让江水流入泄洪道，使大量江水回归岷江正流，以保证成都百姓不受洪水灾害。它的第二大功能就是排沙，当江水疾驰而来，会由于离心力作用形成漩涡，将泥沙或冲上岸，或带入泄洪道，把多余的泥沙排入外江去。古时飞沙堰，是用竹笼卵石堆砌的临时工程;如今已改用混凝土浇铸，以保一劳永逸的功效。
下面就是我们的最后一站——宝瓶口。宝瓶口因形像花瓶而得名，起"节制闸"作用，能自动控制内江进水量，是湔山伸向岷江的长脊上凿开的一个口子，它是人工凿成控制内江进水的咽喉。宝瓶口的水会被一分为二，二分为四，四分为八……以此来灌溉平原，送到每一家每一户去。换句话说，若是宝瓶口被堵上了，那么60%的成都人就没有水喝。所以宝瓶口和飞沙堰还真是一对“帮人排忧解难”的好兄弟。
都江堰是由三个主要的水利工程组成，如果把都江堰想象成一条鱼，那么“鱼嘴”处就是鱼的头，飞沙堰就是鱼的身子，而宝瓶口，则是鱼的尾巴。都，成都;江，岷江;堰，堤坝。这就是都江堰名字的由来，希望大家记住这个“水利工程的鼻祖”哦。
不知道大家玩得开不开心呢。经过一番游玩，大家的肚子都“咕咕”叫了吧，现在我们就向食物大军进发!
篇二：关于都江堰的导游词
The Dujiangyan Dam, 45km north of Chengdu, is an ancient technological wonder of the country. More than 2000 yers ago, Li Bing(250-200BC), as a local governor of the Shu State, designed this water control and irrigation dam and organized thousands of local people to complete the project to check the Mingjiang River.For many years the river,flooded the Chengdu agricultural area and local farmers suffered a lot from the water disaster. Due to the success of the project, the dam automatically diverts the Mingjiang River and channels it into irrigation canals. For many years the dam has continued to make the most of the water conservancy works.
Expansion has been undertaken since 1949 and at present the system does a good job of irrigating farming land across 33counties of the western part of Sichuan Province. Local people feel proud of the system becaude it has supported a large amount of people in their daily life.
What makes this system so good?
The system is a large hydraulic water project which consists of three main parts: the Fish Mouth Water-Dividing Dam, the Flying Sand Fence, and the Bottle-Neck Channel.
The Fish mouth functions to divide the flow of water into an inner river and an outer river. Long ago, when Li Bing worked as the local governor of the Shu State, he found the old river canal was too narrow to hold much water, which often overflowed the banks and caused disastrous flood. Based on natural geographic conditions, he organized the people to build a man-made dam. The whole dam looks like a fish, and the front dam has a circular cone shaped like a fish mouth. It is the dam that channels water into an outer canal and an inner canal. The outer water canal functions as the main stream and holds sixty percent of water in the river. The extra water goes through the inner canal for irrigation in Chengdu areas.
The Flying Sand Fence joins the inner and outer canals. The fence functions to controll the flow of water and discharge excess into the inner canal from the main stream. During the dry season the fence doesn't work much, but when floods occur, the river rushes forward along the outer canal. As it approaches the fence, the fence,the river begins to turn round fast and soon many whirlpools are formed. The volatile whirlpools sweep away sand and pebbles and, throw them into the outer canal. For many years huge bamboo baskets were used as the fence. They were filled with stones and pebbles. However,at present, reinforced concrete weir has replaced the ancient fence.
So now, let's discuss the Bottle-Neck Channel. A trunk canal was cut through the mountain into two parts which link up the inner canal for irrigation. The small part is later called Li Dui, which means an isolated hill. Chengdu looks like a large bottle and the trunk canal between the mountain and the hill takes shape of the bottleneck. The trunk canal technically has two functions: First, it leads the water to irrigate the farming land in western Sichujan; Secondly, the trunk casnal works together with the Flying Sand Weir to keep the flow below a certain point in the inner canal during flood season. Some stone tablets, which stand on the isolated hill, are engraved in Buddhist Sanskrit. The local people hope that the Buddhist tablets can exert the Buddhist superpower to harness flood disaster. For over two thousand years, in fact, the Fish Mouth Water-Dividing Dam, the Flying Sand Weir, and the Bottle-neck Channel automatically work together to control foods and sweep away sand and stones in the main stram. The local people benefit a lot from this project.
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