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初中冠词的用法归纳总结

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  说到冠词,大家一定会想到a 、an和the,实际上,冠词就是指这三兄弟。为了让大家更好的学习初中冠词,以下是学习啦小编分享给大家的初中冠词的用法归纳,希望可以帮到你!

  初中冠词的用法归纳

  1、不定冠词的基本用法:

  (1)不定冠词有a和an两种:a用于辅音音素开头的词前,例如:a dog, an用于元音音素开头的词前,例如:an apple;

  (2)用来表示“—”的意思,但不强调数的观念,只说明名词为不特定者。即不具体说明是何人何物。例如:She picked up a book and began to read.

  (3)不定冠词含有“—”的意思,但数量观念没有one强烈,在句子里边一般可以不必译出,但若有“一个”的意思则译出,

  (4)一般用在可数名词单数前,指人或事物的某一种类。例如:I am a nurse.

  (5)用在某些固定词组中,如have a rest,a few,a lot 等。

  2、定冠词的用法:

  (1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。

  (2)指双方都知道的人或事物,例如:Open the door,please.

  (3)指上文提到的人或事物。

  (4)用在世界上独一无二的事物前。例如:The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大些。

  (5)用在序数词和形容词最高级前。例如:The first island is the biggest of the three.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。

  (6)用在形容词前表示一类人,the +形容词指的是一群人,是一种复数含义,所以其后动词应用复数形式。例如:The old are sick.

  3、零冠词的用法 ,就是不用冠词的情况。

  1) 国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:England, Mary;

  2) 泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用定冠词;

  They are teachers. 他们是教师。

  3) 抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词;

  Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。

  4) 物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词;Man cannot live without water. 人离开水就无法生存。

  5) 在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词;

  We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。

  6) 在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词;如:have breakfast, play chess

  7) 当by与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词;by bus, by train;

  8) 固定短语,如:go to hospital 去医院看病;at home, in class,go to bed等。

  初中冠词常见考法

  根据对冠词部分全国各地中考试题的分析可知,冠词考查主要在单项选择和完形填空题型之中。冠词主要考查的有:

  1、 不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词的基本用法。

  2、 冠词常见的习惯搭配用法。

  3、 部分物质名词抽象名词具体化之后的冠词用法。

  4、 冠词的位置

  不定冠词a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前。

  典型例题1: ——Tina,could you please play____ piano for me while I’m singing?

  ——With pleasure.

  A. a B. an C. the D. /

  解析:表示乐器的名词前应用定冠词the 。

  答案: C

  典型例题2: There is ____“h” in the word “hour”,but____“h” doesn’t make a sound.

  A . a, a B. a, the C. the, an D. an, the

  解析:这是一道很迷惑人的习题。第一个空很多学生认为“h”是一个辅音字母,所以会填a,但是选择a 或an,看的是音素,即读音,而并不是字母本身,“h”是一个辅音字母,但却是以元音音素开头,所以前面应用an;第二个空“h”第二次出现,所以用定冠词 the 。

  答案: D

  误区提醒

  不定冠词a用于辅音音(而不是字母)开头的单词前,an用于元音音素(而不是字母)开头的单词前,例如上面典型例题2。

  冠词的常见及特殊用法归纳

  一,冠词概述

  冠词是虚词,它不能单独使用.只能附在一个名词上说明这个名词.冠词分为不定冠a(an)词和定冠词the.不定冠词一般表示泛指;定冠词一般表示特指.

  二,不定冠词a(an)的用法

  A. 不定冠词a(an)用于单数可数名词前.a用于辅音字母开始的词前;an用于元音字母开始的词前.如:a girl an English book

  B. 不定冠词用来表示类别,指某一类人或某一类事物中的一个(泛指).如:

  His father is a doctor. I work in a middle school in Beijing.

  C. 不定冠词用于单数可数名词前,可以表示其全类(泛指).如:

  An English teacher teaches the students how to learn English.

  三,定冠词the的用法

  ① 表示上文提到过的人或事物.

  如:He bought an English-Chinese dictionary this morning. The dictionary is very good.

  ② 用于单数可数名词前,表示整体或类别.

  如:The panda is a rare animal.

  此句等于:A panda is a rare animal. = Pandas are rare animals.

  ③ 用来表示世界上独一无二的事物.

  如:the sun, the moon, the sky, the earth, the world

  ④ 用于表示阶级,党派的名词前.

  如:the Chinese Communist Party , the working class the proletariat 无产阶级

  ⑤ 常用于含有普通名词或形容词的专有名词前.

  A. 用于许多江海,山脉,群岛等名词前:

  The Yellow River The East Sea the Himalayas the Pacific Ocean

  B. 用于由普通名词构成的国名:

  The People's Republic of China the United States

  C. 用于机关,团体,朝代,时代,报刊杂志等名词前:

  the United Nations the State Council the Tang dynasty the People's Daily

  the Summer Palace the Peace Hotel the British Museum

  ⑥ 用于表示方位的名词前.

  如:the east the southwest the middle the Far East on the left

  ⑦ 用于乐器名词前,但汉语拼音的乐器前不用冠词.

  如:play the piano play the violin play erhu

  ⑧ 用于复数的姓氏前,表示"两夫妇"或"全家",在此情况下,这类名词作复数对待.

  如:When we got there, the Lius were waiting for us.

  The Smiths watch TV every day.

  ⑨ 用于某些形容词或过去分词前,表示一类人或事物.

  如:the poor the rich the living the young

  the wounded the oppressed the beautiful

  ⑩ 用在形容词的最高级前或序数词前.

  如:Shanghai is the biggest city in china.

  After the game, the first thing they wanted to do was to take a hot bath.

  四,零冠词用法

  ① 表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前,不用冠词.

  Now people are living a happy life. Trees are planted everywhere.

  ② 不含普通名词的专有名词,表示泛指的物质名词和抽象名词前,不用冠词.

  We are studying English. He is leaving for America this year.

  It is pleasant to walk in soft snow. Love is always stronger than hatred.

  ③ 名词前有指示代词,物主代词,不定代词或名词所有格修饰,不用冠词.

  I like this picture better. Is that your book

  Take their chairs away! I do not have any money on me.

  As time went on, Einstein's theory proved to be correct.

  ④ 季节,月份,星期等名词前,一般不用冠词.

  She likes spring while I like summer. We have no classes on Saturday.

  The Long March started in October 1934.

  ⑤ 表示只有一人担任的职务,头衔的名词前,不用冠词.

  We have elected him our monitor.

  ⑥ 三餐饭的名词前,一般不用冠词.

  When do you have lunch After supper we usually take a walk.

  ⑦ 节假日等名词前,不用冠词.

  Children all wear their best clothes on National Day.

  People give gifts to each other on Christmas Day.

  注意:在eve后有of短语则要加定冠词:

  on the eve of National Day on the eve of New Year's Day

  ⑧ 球类和棋类运动的名词前,不用冠词.

  play basketball play chess

  ⑨ 作表语用表示程度的形容词最高级前,不用冠词.

  Your help was most timely. This method is most effective.

  注意:如果有比较范围,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词:

  Of all methods, this is the most effective.

  ⑩ 在某些固定词组里,名词前不用冠词.

  on foot by train/ boat / plane… in fact as a matter of fact

  in class in church in danger in hospital in town

  in bed at home at school at daybreak at sunrise

  at dusk at sunset at night at noon go to school

  go to class go to bed from morning till night from victory to victory

  from door to door

  五,注意事项

  ① 当man作人类讲时,用零冠词. Man will conquer nature.

  ② 某些抽象名词具体化时是可数名词,其前可加a.surprise, fire, joy,

  He is a success as a teacher. Long Jing is a famous tea in China.

  ③ a用于姓氏前表示某个只知道名字而不不熟悉的人.

  A Mr Liu is waiting to see you outside.

  ④ 在某些句型中可加a

  It is a pity that you have missed the chance.

  It is a shame / a pleasure / a honour for sb. to do sth.

  ⑤ word 作消息讲时,用零冠词. Word came that he would go abroad.

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