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2017初中英语知识点归纳有哪些

欣怡分享

  相信同学们经常会遇到这样的情况,明明记了很多单词、短语和句型,分数却迟迟提不上来。为此,以下是学习啦小编分享给大家的初中英语必考知识点总结,希望可以帮到你!

  初中英语必考知识点总结

  1. cost / take / spend / pay 花费

  花费时间做某事 :

  It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time (in)doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .

  某人花钱买某物 :

  sb spend some money on sth .= sb pay some money for sth.= sth cost sb . some money .

  注意:

  ⑴ cost 和 pay 只指花费钱,take 只指花费时间,spend 可以指花费钱也可以指花费时间。

  ⑵ spend 和 pay 主语都是人, cost 主语是物,take 一般用于 It takes sb some time to do sth. 句型中。

  2. thanks for 为…...而感谢

  Thanks for inviting me to your birthday party .

  谢谢你邀请我来你的生日聚会。

  thanks to 多亏/由于

  Thanks to your help. I got good grades .

  幸亏你的帮助,我才取得好成绩。

  3. 多么…...

  what + 名词;how + 形容词/ 副词

  What bad weather !多么糟糕的天气啊!

  How hard he works ! 他工作多么努力啊!

  What fresh vegetables ! 多么新鲜的蔬菜啊!

  How cute a monkey it is ! 它是一只多么可爱的猴子啊!

  4 . 因为......;由于......

  because(连词)+从句

  because of(介词短语)+ 名词(短语)

  I didn’t go to school because I had a headache.

  因为我头疼,所以我没去上学。

  He was late for class because of the bad weather .

  由于糟糕的天气,他上课迟到了。

  注意:because和 so不能同时连用 。

  5 . 来自

  be from = come from

  Where are you from ? = Where do you come from?

  你来自哪里?

  6 . How often 多久一次(对频率提问)

  How long 多久(对一段时间提问)

  How soon多久以后 (对将来时间提问)

  How far 多长(询问多长距离)

  — How long have you been collecting the kites ?

  你收集风筝多长时间了?

  —For ten years.

  十年了。

  — How often do you go shopping ?

  你多久购物一次?

  —Sometimes.

  有时。

  — How soon will your father come back ?

  你爸爸多久以后回来?

  —In two years.两

  年后。

  — How far is it from your home to school ?

  从你家到学校多远?

  —About ten miles.

  大概十英里。

  7 . 乘坐交通工具

  take a / the +交通工具

  by+交通工具=on a 交通工具

  交通工具有:train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane...

  He takes a bus to bank.= He goes to bank by bus.

  他乘坐公共汽车去银行。

  注意:骑自行车、马或驴用ride

  ride one’s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey

  8 . 对不起

  Excuse me (劳驾,客套话)

  Sorry (表示道歉)

  Excuse me. Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?

  打扰一下,成都的天府广场在哪里?

  —Don’t eat in class.

  不要在课堂上吃东西。

  —Sorry. Ms Clark .

  对不起,Clark小姐。

  9 . 声音

  sound (自然界的各种声音)

  noise(噪音)

  voice(人的嗓音)

  Lucy has a sweet voice.

  露西有甜美的嗓音。

  Don’t make noise.

  不要制造噪音。

  10. 像......

  look like (外貌看起来像… )

  be like (性格像… )

  —Lily look like Lucy .

  莉莉长得像露西。

  —Oh , they are twins.

  哦,她们是双胞胎。

  Tony is like a monkey because he is cute and playful .

  托尼像只猴子,因为他可爱又爱玩耍。

  初中英语完形填空解题技巧

  1、快速诵读全文,领会大意

  完形填空题所给的是一篇意思完整的短文,所选的答案处在整段或整篇文章之中。所以在做题前,必须先浏览全文,了解短文的大意,这是绝不可省的一步。

  每篇短文总有一定的主题思想,段落之间必然承上启下,前呼后应,句与句之间 也一定紧密相连,形成一个整体。因此通读全文是要一气呵成,不要中断思路,只要能了解短文的大意就可。某些细节不理解可以跳过。如果不影响答题,可以置之不理。如果与答题有关,可到第二步填空时再琢磨解决。另外,在阅读时要特别注意一篇文章的开头和结尾,因为它们能提供主要的信息,帮助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心议题。

  2、抓住结构、语意及逻辑三条线索,分析对比备选答案

  在通读全文的基础上,根据句子结构是否正确、语意是否通顺、逻辑是否合理对各备选答案应进行对比分析。分析时具体应注意以下几点:

  (1) 当遇到一个需要填的词时,首先要考虑这个词在句子中的成分是什么?词性是什么?

  (2) 如果需要填的是名词,就要考虑名词的单复数和所有格形式。

  (3) 如果需要填的是形容词或副词,就应考虑是用原级或是比较级,还是最高级。

  (4) 如果需要填的是动词,则要考虑动词的时态,语态,人称变化,语气以及非谓语动词(不定式和动词-ing形式)的一般式,被动式和完成式等。

  (5) 如果需要填空的是介词,则要注意固定搭配的用法。

  (6) 如果需要填的是冠词,则要注意是用不定冠词还是用定冠词。

  (7) 另外要注意一些固定句型的完整。

  (8) 所选答案应该和上下文和结构上都吻合

  (9) 局部服从整体,应 从短文的整体内容出发,

  3、复查核对,决定取舍

  通读全文,检查还原了的原文是否完整、合理。其方法是:把短文连同所选答案细读一遍,凡读起来别扭或答案无确切把握的地方分别记下来,然后将每个空白处与其相对应的四个答案逐一对照,务求一一过关,避免遗漏。若发现原所选答案与复查时所选答案不同,不要急于涂改,待认真斟酌核实后,再决定取舍。 另外,在平时的练习中,对每一篇完形填空均可重复作上几遍,通过反复的练习,不但可以牢固地掌握所学基础知识,而且能够提高完形填空的应试能力。

  常见考法

  误区提醒

  Stone is all around us. Stone is usually very hard, 1 it can also be soft. Stones have many uses.

  In some 2 artists carve (雕刻) beautiful things out of soft stones, because they can be shaped easily. In ancient times, people carved 3 persons or animals out of soft stones, which could be carried along with. While in some European countries, statues (雕塑) are carved 4 hard stones and they do not change easily. In summer, the hot sun 5 on these statues and in winter the snow falls on them, but they 6 remain beautiful.

  Stone is strong and long-lasting. So, it is 7 enough for buildings. A house built of stone does not catch fire as easily as 8 made of wood. Some stones are coloured, so they make the 9 look wonderful. People can also get a fire with stones. Besides, some kinds of stones can be used to 10 jewellery (珠宝). We’ve found stones are really amazing.

  1. A. and B. but C. or D. so

  2. A. countries B. cities C. factories D. parks

  3. A. young B. old C. small D. big

  4. A. into B. of C. for D. from

  5. A. shines B. drops C. puts D. fits

  6. A. even B. still C. never D. often

  7. A. good B. big C. long D. old

  8. A. this B. none C. one D. it

  9. A. stones B. buildings C. fire D. wood

  10. A. find B. sell C. buy D. make

  解析:

  1、B 前后应是转折关系。句意是“石头通常非常硬,但是也可能很柔软。”

  2、A 由第二段第三句“While in some European countries”可得出答案。

  3、C 由“which could be carried along with”可知是个小物品。

  4、D be carved from hard stones 是被动语态,固定搭配。

  5、A 考查词的不同含义:shine “照耀”,drop“掉落”,put on“穿上”,fit“合适”。句子中的主语是the hot sun,所以用shines。

  6、B 考查词的不同含义。前句“风吹日晒”,but表转折,故选still。

  7、A 用排除法可得出答案。前句 Stone is strong and long-lasting说的是石头的质量好。

  8、C 用one代替a house。

  9、B 根据上文所指的建筑物判断。

  10、D 根据上下文意思可得出答案。make jewellery 制造珠宝。

  初中英语易错知识点总结

  [第一类] 名词类

  No.1

  [误] What are the woman teachers doing?

  [正] What are the women teachers doing?

  [析] 当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时,作定语的名词要用其单数形式;但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men, women.

  No.2

  [误] How many peoples are there in the room?

  [正] How many people are there in the room?

  [析] people表示“人们”时,本身就是复数形式,加s就表示“民族”了。

  No.3

  [误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.

  [正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.

  [析] 表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a/an或数词+表量的可数名词+of+不可数名词”这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词用其复数形式。

  [第二类] 代词类

  No.1

  [误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.

  [正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.

  [析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不接任何词。

  No.2

  [误] Miss Wu teaches our English.

  [正] Miss Wu teaches us English.

  [析] teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。

  [第三类] 介词类

  No.1

  [误] Can you find the answer of this question?

  [正] Can you find the answer to this question?

  [析] 英语中用“the answer to…”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door、the way to the zoo.

  No.2

  [误] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.

  [正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.

  [析] 在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on.

  [第四类] 副词类

  [误] Lily,why don’t you go to home?

  [正] Lily,why don’t you go home?

  [析] come,go等后接here,there,home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。

  [第五类] 连词类

  [误] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. and history.

  [正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. or history.

  [析] 肯定句中并列成分间用and连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的连接需用or。

  [第六类] 冠词类

  [误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.

  [正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.

  [析]

  1)表示“……一家人”用结构“the+姓氏复数”;

  2)hour第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以“一小时”要用an hour;

  3)用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。

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