托福独立写作审错题怎么办
托福的独立写作审题很重要，稍不注意就会丢分，现在小编给大家分享几个审题的小技巧。
托福独立写作你真的“审”对题了吗
1. 确认写作话题关键词(Identify the Topic Words)
每个写作题目都会包含一个比较“泛”的话题，托福独立作文中常见的话题包括教育学习类、生活休闲类、工作类、科技类、政府类、环境类等。
接下来我们先看看TPO 45独立作文这个话题。
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
In the past, young peopledepended too much on their parents to make decisions for them; today youngpeople are better able to make decisions about their own lives.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
以上这个写作任务涉及的 “大话题” 是现在的年轻人做决定 (youngpeople make decisions)。但是如果仅仅写现在的年轻人自己作决定有什么好处，肯定不能很好地满足上述评分标准的第一条要求(effectively address the topic and task)。
我们继续看第二个分析点：
2. 识别微话题关键词 (Identify Micro-topic Words)
这种类型的词一般是用来细化这个比较“泛”的话题题目，确定具体的写作方向，反映出评分员具体希望从考生的文章中看到的内容，因此它们一般会包含一种观点立场或者是题目论述的修饰成分。下面再来看看TPO 45的独立作文题目。
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
In the past, young peopledepended too much on their parents to make decisions for them;todayyoung people are better able to make decisions about their own lives.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
在这个题目中，微话题关键词是 “are better able to”(更有能力)以及“about their own lives” (与自己人生有关)，如果各位考生没有找准这两个细化的关键词，很容易将文章方向写偏，因此，我们说写作文的时候要以微话题关键词为出发点。
3. 识别题目指引词 (Identify Instruction Words)
相信我们大部分同学都知道独立作文的题目提问类型有：同意与否、二选一(个人偏好)、三选一(最值)。下面以三个TPO 独立作文的题目为例分析具体的写作指引。
TPO 45
Do you agree ordisagree with the following statement?
In the past, young peopledepended too much on their parents to make decisions for them; today youngpeople are better able to make decisions about their own lives.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
以上的题目是典型的“Agree or Disagree”类型，要求考生表达自己对于题目论述的看法，并加入具体的原因和例子去作为支撑。按照以上分析思路，如果各位考生选择同意题目立场，就需要去想导致现在的年轻人更有能力做与自己人生有关的决定的原因。
TPO 44
Some people believe that when busy parents do not havea lot of time to spend with their children, the best use of that time is tohave fun playing games or sports. Others believe that it is best to use thattime doing things together that are related to schoolwork. Which of the two approaches do you prefer?
Usespecific reasons and examples to support your answer.
以上的题目是典型的“personal preference”(二选一)类型，要求考生从题目描述的两种选择中挑一种，并加入具体的原因和例子去作为支撑。按照以上分析思路，如果各位考生选择同意题目第一种观点，就需要去想为什么工作忙的家长要将有限的空闲时间用来陪孩子玩游戏或者做运动。
TPO 43
Imagine that you are in a classroom ora meeting. The teacher or the meeting leader says something incorrect. In youropinion, which of the following is the best thing to do?
1) Interrupt and correct the mistake right away
2) Wait until the class or meeting is over and the people are gone, and thentalk to the teacher or meeting leader
3) Say nothing
Use specificreasons and examples to support your answer.
以上的题目是典型的 “三选一” 类型，要求考生从题目中列举的三种选择挑一种，并加入具体的原因和例子去作为支撑。按照以上分析思路，如果各位考生选择立场2)，就需要去想为什么要等到下课或者会后人都离场了才去和老师或领导说。
托福独立写作如何避免跑题
独立写作
1. 熟悉可能涉及的话题。
可用official guide提供的185个topics，或去下载题库，然后反复阅读题目。
185个topics从写作模式上分可分为：
解释现象类：(如解释一下为什么现代人的寿命比以前的长)
对立观点类：
给出两个对立的事物或者一个事物对立的两个方面，要求考生支持一方并进行说明(如
Some people tend to study a subject in a very intensive way over a short
period of time, while others tend to study a subject constantly over a long
period of time. What do you think is a better way of learning? Explain
why.);
或给出两个对立事物或一个事物对立的两个方面，要求考生说明二者为什么不同或比较它们的优缺点，并给出理由(Some people like different friends. Other likes similar friends. Compare the advantages of these two kinds of friends. Which kind of friend do you prefer? Explain why.)
185个topics从内容上可分为：
学习类：(如自学还是跟老师学，学广还是学精)
工作类：(如在大公司还是小公司)
生活类：(如食品烹饪便捷是否提高生活质量，如喜欢在家里吃饭还是在餐厅吃饭)
电视电影类：(如电视电影疏远了家人的情感，你是否同意)
消费类：(如花在娱乐上，还是事业上)
环境类：(如政府投入环保的力度是否应该大于投入经济发展的力度)
古老建筑类：(如是否应该保留老建筑)
成功类：(如成功的衡量标准是金钱和荣耀，你的看法如何)
性格类：(如聪明的朋友比幽默的朋友重要，你是否同意)
2. 形成自己的答案资源库。
熟悉了写作题目之后，就要准备自己的答案资源库了。
自己的资源库要包括：同一类题目的通用观点，有针对性的例证(不一定都要背名人典故，可以从自身取材，自给自足)。这些内容都是要自己去深思，需要有人点拨，才能形成一个清晰的构架和写作流程的。我的习惯就是羊毛出在羊身上，来源于彼，还原于彼。
3. 线性思维，总——分——总。
在新托福写作中，用这总分总种思维最容易获得高分，所以你要在平时的练习中一定要注意写作的结构。托福作文应该写成三个层次，也就是我们确立了中心思想后应该找到三条理由来支持。托福作文五段论：第一段为中心思想段;二、三、四段为支持段落;最后一段为总结段落。其实这个东西并不是绝对的，有自己的思想内容来决定，因此八股文的形式还是要隐晦些。
4. 模仿几个拽句子。
拽句子不用很多，点缀其中，添彩即可。模仿的句子来源，可以是阅读中的复杂句式，先分析长句子的语义功能：它在文章中起了什么作用，是总结，是过渡，是举例，还是因果?那么我在用到总结的语句时，是不是能偷天换日地用上这样的句式?用上几次之后，这些句子就会变得简单熟悉了。
托福考试：托福独立写作审题问题详解
案例1：误解原意思
Do you agree or disagree: Because people are busy with doing so many things, they can do few things well?
Original：
Some people may hold the view that they are able to do things well even if they are busy with doing so many things simultaneously or during a given period. Although plausible at the first glance, I disagree with the statement. Depending on my own personal experience and personality, I firmly maintain that people can do few things well when they are busy with doing so many things. My arguments of this opinion are listed as follows.
解析：
文章第一句话不是对原题目意思进行解释，而是采用采取了和原意思相反的做法来进行题目诠释;第二句表明自己对误解题目的观点;第三句话对自己的观点进行近一步的解释;第四句一个过渡性的句子。开篇内容安排倒是很好，但是作者犯了误解原题目意思的错误导致后面整个文字都做了无用功。
Revised：
When people are engaged in a large extent of work simultaneously, they will not be able to perform all of them perfectly. Just imagine how terrible it will be: too many jobs need to be done by the same person in a given time. Once such a picture appears in my mind, I feel dizzy. To me, it is impossible to do everything well with the limited energy and many others factors .Therefore , I agree with the statement too many things to be done at the same time cause few to be well done . The reasons are as follow.
Revised：
第一句话对原题目意思进行了很好的诠释;第二、三句话进一步解释原题目;第四句话提出自己的观点;第五句话过渡性句子引起下文。
案例2 ：语言罗嗦，绕弯子给出自己观点，浪费时间
Some young adults want independence from their parents as soon as possible. Other young adults prefer to live with their families for a longer time. Which of these situations do you think is better? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
original：
With the development of science and technology, people’s living standard has been improving day by day. According to the family plan, one couple could have only one child. So child becomes the center of the whole family. Some of them are even spoiled. Therefore, I think it is better if the young adult could live independent from their parents as soon as possible.
解析：
这个开头看似没有任何问题，但是仔细分析就会发现很多问题。首先，作者绕了个大弯才给出自己的观点。其次，观点是对原题目的抄写，改动的比较少。最后，开篇缺少引起下文的过渡句。更大的错误是这个开头更像是一个全文主要观点的一个分论点。
Revised:
As we all know, some young adults have the sense of independence in a special period so that they want to choose to live apart from their family, while others still choose to stay with parents in the family. Family can provide young adults a warm bay where he or she could turn to whenever any problems arise. However, considering the sound development of the young adult both mentally and physically, I think to live independently the earlier, the better. Independence is a lesson that each of us must face one day. The detailed reasons are listed below.
解析：
第一句话诠释原题目意思;第二句话进一步解释第一句话;第三句话提出自己的观点;第四句话解释自己的观点，引出下文。
托福独立写作开篇第一段是整个文章的主机调，这个部分如果出现问题整个文章就会黯然失色。
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