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宾语从句的用法及练习题

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  宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。那么你知道宾语从句的用法吗?下面跟着学习啦小编一起来学习一下,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!

  一、宾语从句的用法

  在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:

  连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if

  代词:who, whose, what ,which

  副词:when ,where, how, why 等。

  (一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)

  可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:

  say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。

  例句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.

  注意事项:当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。

  例句:I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.

  在以下情况中that不能省略

  当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可省,但后面的that不可省。

  例句:He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.

  当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可省。

  例句:Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.

  当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可省。

  例句:I can’t tell him that his mother died.

  注意事项:许多带复合宾语的句子,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it作形式宾语。

  例句:I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.

  (二)由whether,if 引导的宾语从句

  由whether(if)引导的宾语从句,实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来,在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用,但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。

  例句:I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.

  只能用whether,不能用if引导的宾语从句

  在带to的不定式前

  例句:We decided whether to walk there.

  在介词的后面

  例句:I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.

  在动词后面的宾语从句时

  例句:We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week

  直接与or not连用时

  例句:I can’t say whether or not thet can come on time.

  只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句

  if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”

  例句:The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.

  if引导否定概念的宾语从句时

  例句:He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.

  引导状语从句even if(即使)和as if(好象)时

  例句:He talks as if he has known all about it.

  (三)连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句

  这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的,宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是:see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。

  英语中的连接代词有:who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。

  例句:Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?

  英语中的连接副词有:when,where,why,how,在句中担任状语的成分。

  例句:None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.

  二、练习题

  ( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.

  A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring

  ( ) 2. Tom asked my friend ________________.

  A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry

  ( ) 3. Let me tell you __________________.

  A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car

  ( ) 4. Peter knew_______.A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questions

  C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris

  ( )5. Could you tell me ___________?

  A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in

  ( )6. I can't understand ____the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had leftD. why had she left

  ( )7. She told me the sun ______ in the east. A. rise  B. rose  C. rises  D. had risen

  ( )8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got

  ( )9. The manager came up to see _________

  A. what was the matter  B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. what's the matter

  ( )10. He asked his father ___. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen

  ( )11. No one tells us______, so we need your help.

  A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it

  ( )12. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.

  A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking

  ( )13.They don't know _______their parents are. A that B what C why D which

  ( )14. ─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set? ─ Sorry, I've no idea.

  A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought

  ( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.

  A. how, another B. what, more C. how ,other D. what, another

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