宾语从句whether和if的区别
英语中,英语语法宾语从句由whether和if引导的时候,很多人都分不清有何区别。下面就跟着学习啦小编一起来看看吧。。
宾语从句中WHETHER和IF的区别
whether和if都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用.如:
I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you.
Ask him whether / if he can come.
但在有些情况下,whether和if的用法有一定区别.
1. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not直接连用,而if一般不能.如:
正: Let me know whether you can come or not.
误: Let me know if you can come or not.
2. 当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导,而不能用if.如:
正: Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell.
误: If it is true or not, I can’t tell.
3. whether可以引导带to的不定式,if则不能.如:
正: I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.
误: I don’t know if to accept or refuse.
4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后,作介词的宾语,但if不能.如:
正: I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
误: I worry about if I hurt her feelings.
5. whether可以引导从句,作主语、表语或同位语,而if不能.如:
正: It was uncertain whether he would come.
误: It was uncertain if he would come.
正: His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.
误: His first question was if Tom had arrived yet.
正: We must consider the question whether we will take these measures.
误: We must consider the question if we will take these measures.
if和whether在引导宾语从句中有什么区别
1 or not放在whether之后时,只能用whether不用if。
I don’t know whether or not he will come. 我不知道他是不是回来。
注:如果or not放在whether所引导的从句句尾,则可以用if来替换。
I don’t know whether/if he will come or not.我不知道他是不是回来。
2 在强调任意选择时,用whether…or,此时不用if替换whether。
He asked me whether I wanted to go there by train or by bus.他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。
注:whether和or一起还有“不管”之意,引导让步状语从句。
Whether he drives or takes the train, he will be here on time.不管开车来还是乘火车来,他都会准时到。
3 虽引导宾语从句,但为了强调宾语部分,也可把从句放在句首,此时只用whether不用if。
Whether he will come I am not sure.他是不是来我拿不准。
4 从句作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。
It depends on whether it will be fine.那得看是不是晴天。
5 作discuss等动词的宾语时,用whether不用if。
We discussed whether we should close the shop.我们讨论是不是该关掉商店。
6 句子中有if引导的条件句,如再有表示“是否”的宾语从句,用whether不用if。
He asked me whether I’d move to New York if I got the job.他问我如果我得到那份工作是否会搬家到纽约。
7 容易产生歧义时用whether不用if来表示“是否”。
Please let me know if you need help. 如果你需要帮助请告诉我。或:请告诉我你是否需要帮助。对比:Please let me know if you need help.请告诉我你是否需要帮助。
8 如果宾语从句为否定句时,则只用if不用whether。
I don’t know if it won't rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是不是会下雨。
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